Mark Trodden

Mark Trodden

I will discuss how a simple coupling between dark energy and dark matter can simultaneously have implications for multiple hints of new physics arising from cosmological observations. This includes evidence that the dark energy equation of state is evolving over cosmic time and crossing the phantom boundary, the S8 tension, and the Hubble tension. I will derive some general analytic features of such models, before describing a stable, technically natural particle physics implementation, in which dark matter consists of dark baryons in a strongly coupled hidden sector, and the dark energy field is the associated dark axion. After developing simple arguments for how the dark axion–dark baryon interaction model simultaneously impacts different cosmological tensions, I will present the results of implementing it in a Boltzmann code to compare with CMB, DESI DR2 BAO, and SNe Ia data. We will see that the best-fit model improves the fit relative to ΛCDM, with the preferred solution exhibiting a non-monotonic dark-matter mass evolution. Interestingly, the same dynamics produces an Early Dark Energy-like energy injection near matter-radiation equality but is insufficient to substantially reduce the current tension.